Differences Between LR Grades AH36, DH36, and EH36
- Jul 20, 2026
Knowledge
Comparison of ABS Grade B marine steel plates with equivalent-grade steel plates from BV, DNV and CCS
I. Comparison of Chemical Composition
The core element control requirements for Grade B steel plates set by the four major classification societies are essentially consistent: carbon (C) ≤ 0.21%, silicon (Si) ≤ 0.35%, manganese (Mn) 0.80%–1.20%, and phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) both ≤ 0.035%.
The main differences lie in the trace alloying elements:
ABS Grade B: No mandatory requirements for trace alloying elements.
BV Grade B: Permits the addition of small amounts of elements such as copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr).
DNV Grade B: Explicitly limits nitrogen (N) content to ≤0.02%.
CCS Grade B: Essentially consistent with ABS Grade B requirements, tailored to meet domestic construction needs in China.
II. Comparison of Mechanical Properties
The four standards are highly similar in terms of mechanical properties, with the main indicators as follows:
Minimum yield strength: 235 MPa
Tensile strength: 400–520 MPa (the upper limit for BV Grade B is slightly higher, at 530 MPa)
Elongation: ≥22% (CCS Grade B has a slightly higher requirement, at ≥23%)
Impact toughness: Charpy V-notch test at 0°C, impact energy ≥27 J (for plate thickness ≤50 mm). DNV Grade B specifies more detailed impact requirements for plates of different thicknesses.
Overall, the differences in performance are minimal, and the standards are interchangeable in most scenarios.
III. Comparison of Certification Processes and Applicable Regions
| Classification Society | Certification Features | Applicable Regions |
|---|---|---|
| ABS | Production and testing witnessed by surveyors throughout the process; high global recognition | North America, Asia, and ocean-going vessel projects |
| BV | Emphasis on environmental protection and sustainability requirements | Vessel projects in Europe and Africa |
| DNV | Strict standards; emphasis on safety and reliability | Global scope; particularly suitable for offshore and polar/cold-climate projects |
| CCS | Streamlined process, high cost-effectiveness | Domestic Chinese vessels and international projects in collaboration with China |
IV. Comparison of Application Scenarios
All four types of steel plates are suitable for high-stress structural areas of vessels, such as main hull plating, decks and keels, and may also be used for secondary structures on offshore platforms. Specific applications are as follows:
ABS Grade B: Large vessels such as ocean-going ships and container ships.
BV Grade B: Special-purpose vessels in Europe.
DNV Grade B: Vessels operating in polar and cold regions.
CCS Grade B: Vessels operating along China’s coastline and on inland waterways.
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